Python API for Boolean and multi-valued network specification#
The module colomoto.minibn offers a simple programmatic way to define and modify Boolean and multi-valued networks.
The network can then be converted to bioLQM for analysis.
Functions can be specified either as a string, or using standard Python logic operators (~ for NOT; & for AND; | for OR).
Boolean networks#
from colomoto.minibn import BooleanNetwork
f = BooleanNetwork()
An object of type BooleanNetwork extends standard Python dictionnaries to specify for each node (key) the corresponding Boolean function.
To use a programmatic specifiction of functions, the variables for nodes are declared as follows:
a, b, c = f.vars("a", "b", "c")
f[a] = ~b & c
f[b] = ~a
f[c] = 1
Boolean expression can be stored in variables to reuse in more complex expressions:
d = b & c
f[b] = d
f[c] = ~d
f
a <- !b&c
b <- b&c
c <- !(b&c)
A Boolean network can also be specified directly as follows:
g = BooleanNetwork({
"a": "!b & c",
"b": "a",
"c": "1"
})
Functions for g can then be edited as a standard dictionnary, using either the programmatic specification of expression or giving their string representation.
g["b"] = "b&c"
b, c = g.vars("b", "c")
g[c] = ~(b&c)
g
a <- !b&c
b <- b&c
c <- !(b&c)
Rewriting expressions#
The method rewrite allows to substitute literals with Boolean expressions:
g.rewrite(b, {c: a|c})
g
a <- !b&c
b <- b&(a|c)
c <- !(b&c)
g.rewrite("c", {b:1})
g
a <- !b&c
b <- b&(a|c)
c <- !c
Conversion to bioLQM#
An object of type BooleanNetwork has a method to_biolqm to convert the object to a full bioLQM object and perform further analysis or convert to other tools.
import biolqm
lqm = f.to_biolqm()
from colomoto_jupyter import tabulate
tabulate(biolqm.fixpoints(lqm))
| | a | b | c | |—:|—-:|—-:|—-:| | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Multi-Valued networks#
Specification of multi-valued networks essentially extends BooleanNetwork features with ability to refer to levels of nodes and specify an ordering for the evaluation of the discrete expression.
Levels are specified programmatically using the syntax a/i (represented as a string with "a:i") where a is a node variable of the network and i an integer. This variable is true when the current level of a is greater or equal to i.
from colomoto.minibn import MultiValuedNetwork
mvf = MultiValuedNetwork()
a, b, c, d = mvf.vars("a", "b", "c", "d")
Discrete functions can be specified using dictionnary giving the condition to reach the different levels. With this specification, the function will evaluate to the highest level having a verified condition.
mvf[a] = {1: b/1,
2: b/1 & c}
A more fine-grained specification allow to define the precise ordering of evaluation (the last win):
mvf.append(b/2, a/2 | ~c)
mvf.append(b/1, a/2 & c)
Multi-valued networks can include pure Boolean node, and are specified as with BooleanNetwork.
mvf[c] = c & ~(a/2) # notice the parentheses to comply with operators priority
mvf
a:1 <- b:1
a:2 <- b:1&c
b:2 <- a:2|!c
b:1 <- a:2&c
c <- c&!a:2
Conditions on levels can also be specified using standard comparison operators:
mvg = MultiValuedNetwork()
a, b, c = mvg.vars("a", "b", "c")
mvg.append(a/1, (b<=2))
mvg.append(a/0, (b<2))
mvg.append(a/3, (b>=2))
mvg.append(a/4, (b>2))
mvg.append(a/2, (b==2))
mvg[c] = (b!=2)
mvg
a:1 <- !b:3
a:0 <- !b:2
a:3 <- b:2
a:4 <- b:3
a:2 <- b:2&!b:3
c <- !b:2|b:3
A multi-valued network can also be instanciated with its textual representation:
mvg = MultiValuedNetwork("""
a:1 <- b:1
a:2 <- b:1 & c
b:1 <- a:2
b:2 <- a:2 & !c
c <- 1
""")
Rewriting expressions#
The rewriting of expressions is extended to support node levels in the specification of substitutions:
a, b = mvg.vars("a", "b")
mvg.rewrite(b, {a/2: a/1}) # will rewrite all expressions targetting b
mvg
a:1 <- b:1
a:2 <- b:1&c
b:1 <- a:1
b:2 <- a:1&!c
c <- 1
mvg.rewrite(a/2, {b/1: b/2}) # will rewrite only expressions for a:2
mvg
a:1 <- b:1
a:2 <- b:2&c
b:1 <- a:1
b:2 <- a:1&!c
c <- 1
Conversion to bioLQM#
Similarly to BooleanNetwork objects, MultiValuedNetwork objects have a to_biolqm method to convert to bioLQM tool.
mvf
a:1 <- b:1
a:2 <- b:1&c
b:2 <- a:2|!c
b:1 <- a:2&c
c <- c&!a:2
lqm = mvf.to_biolqm()
tabulate(biolqm.fixpoints(lqm))
| | a | b | c | |—:|—-:|—-:|—-:| | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
Import bioLQM models#
The biolqm.to_minibn function imports any Boolean/Multi-valued network in the minibn interface, enabling programmatic edition of the model.
lqm = biolqm.load("http://ginsim.org/sites/default/files/ModelT2DM_0.zginml")
Downloading ‘http://ginsim.org/sites/default/files/ModelT2DM_0.zginml’
f = biolqm.to_minibn(lqm)
f
AKT <- (!IRS_PIK3CA&!PTEN&CDK2&!PP2A)|(IRS_PIK3CA&!PTEN&!PP2A)
AMPK <- p53&!ATP
ATP <- Metabolism
CDK2 <- (!p21&mTORC1_S6K1&!MYC&E2F1)|(!p21&mTORC1_S6K1&MYC)
E2F1 <- (!GF&MYC&!pRB&E2F1)|(GF&!pRB&E2F1)
FOXO <- (!MAPK&!p16&!AKT&!AMPK&Metabolism)|(!MAPK&!p16&!AKT&K)|(!MAPK&p16&!AKT)
G1_S <- !p21&CDK2&E2F1&Metabolism
GF <- GF
IRS_PIK3CA <- Insulin&!mTORC1_S6K1
Insulin <- Insulin
MAPK <- GF&!PP2A
MDM2 <- (!p16&!p53&AKT&!mTORC1_S6K1&!MYC&!E2F1)|(!p16&p53&!mTORC1_S6K1&!MYC&!E2F1)|(p16&!mTORC1_S6K1&!MYC&!E2F1)
MYC <- MAPK&!p53&mTORC1_S6K1&E2F1
Metabolism <- (!MAPK&!AKT&mTORC1_S6K1&PP1C)|(!MAPK&AKT&mTORC1_S6K1)|(MAPK&!AKT&PP1C)|(MAPK&AKT)
PP1C <- (!MAPK&AKT)|MAPK
PP2A <- !mTORC1_S6K1
PRC <- !AKT&MYC
PTEN <- p53&!AKT
Senescence <- (!p16&p21&mTORC1_S6K1)|p16
TSC <- !MAPK&!AKT&K
Therapy <- Therapy
mTORC1_S6K1 <- !AMPK&!TSC
p16 <- MAPK&!p53&!E2F1&!PRC
p21 <- (!p53&!AKT&!MYC&FOXO)|(p53&!AKT&!MYC)
p53 <- !MDM2
pRB <- !CDK2
lqm_mv = biolqm.load("http://ginsim.org/sites/default/files/phageLambda4.zginml")
Downloading ‘http://ginsim.org/sites/default/files/phageLambda4.zginml’
mv = biolqm.to_minibn(lqm_mv)
mv
CI:2 <- !Cro|(Cro&CII)
CII <- !CI:2&!Cro:3&N
Cro:2 <- !CI:2&Cro:3
Cro:3 <- !CI:2&!Cro:3
N <- !CI&!Cro:2